[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":395},["ShallowReactive",2],{"es-exercise-grammar-ejercicios-past-perfect":3,"es-exercise-index-for-related":236},{"slug":4,"skill":5,"topic":6,"title":7,"levels":8,"tags":11,"published":13,"updated_at":14,"is_premium":15,"meta_title":16,"meta_description":17,"rule":18,"examples":37,"exercises":53,"faq":210,"article":226,"available_locales":234,"slug_localized":235},"past-perfect-exercises","grammar","past-perfect","Ejercicios de past perfect en inglés",[9,10],"B1","B2",[12,6],"tenses",true,"2026-07-20",false,"Ejercicios de past perfect en inglés — Práctica gratis online | FluencyRoad","Practica el past perfect con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: ordenar acciones pasadas, oraciones con before\u002Fafter\u002Fwhen — con corrección instantánea y explicaciones.",{"heading":19,"summary":20,"points":21},"Cómo funciona el past perfect","El past perfect (had + participio pasado) indica que una acción pasada ocurrió antes que otra acción pasada — es el 'pasado del pasado'.",[22,25,28,31,34],{"label":23,"text":24},"Forma","had + participio pasado: I had finished, she had gone",{"label":26,"text":27},"Uso","la primera de dos acciones pasadas: When I arrived, the film had started.",{"label":29,"text":30},"Con before\u002Fafter","She had left before I called. \u002F After he had eaten, he slept.",{"label":32,"text":33},"Pensamientos relatados","I realised I had forgotten my keys.",{"label":35,"text":36},"Palabras señal","already, just, never…before, by the time, after, before, when",[38,41,44,47,50],{"sentence":39,"note":40},"When we got to the station, the train **had** already **left**.","la salida del tren ocurrió antes de la llegada",{"sentence":42,"note":43},"She **had never seen** snow before she moved to Canada.","experiencia anterior a un momento del pasado",{"sentence":45,"note":46},"By the time the firefighters arrived, the fire **had spread** to the roof.","'by the time' + past perfect",{"sentence":48,"note":49},"He told me he **had lost** his job.","estilo indirecto — perder el trabajo ocurrió primero",{"sentence":51,"note":52},"After they **had finished** dinner, they went for a walk.","secuencia hecha explícita con 'after'",[54,103,144,188],{"id":55,"type":56,"title":57,"instructions":58,"questions":59},"mc","multiple_choice","Elige la forma correcta","Selecciona la opción correcta para completar cada oración.",[60,69,78,87,95],{"id":61,"prompt":62,"options":63,"answer":67,"explanation":68},"mc1","When I turned on the TV, the match ___.",[64,65,66],"already finished","had already finished","has already finished",1,"El partido terminó antes de que yo encendiera la tele — la acción anterior lleva past perfect.",{"id":70,"prompt":71,"options":72,"answer":76,"explanation":77},"mc2","She couldn't pay because she ___ her wallet at home.",[73,74,75],"had left","left","has left",0,"Dejar la cartera en casa ocurrió antes de intentar pagar: had left.",{"id":79,"prompt":80,"options":81,"answer":85,"explanation":86},"mc3","By the time we arrived, most guests ___ home.",[82,83,84],"went","have gone","had gone",2,"'By the time' + un punto de referencia en pasado señala el past perfect para el evento anterior.",{"id":88,"prompt":89,"options":90,"answer":76,"explanation":94},"mc4","I ___ that restaurant before, so I knew the menu well.",[91,92,93],"had visited","visited","have visited","Una experiencia anterior a un momento del pasado (conocer el menú) lleva past perfect.",{"id":96,"prompt":97,"options":98,"answer":76,"explanation":102},"mc5","After he ___ the report, he sent it to his boss.",[99,100,101],"had checked","has checked","checks","'After' + past perfect hace explícita la secuencia: primero revisar, después enviar.",{"id":104,"type":105,"title":106,"instructions":107,"questions":108},"gap","gap_fill","Completa el hueco","Escribe la forma en past perfect del verbo entre paréntesis (had + participio pasado).",[109,116,123,131,137],{"id":110,"prompt":111,"hint":112,"answers":113,"explanation":115},"gap1","The garden was beautiful because it ___ all night.","rain",[114],"had rained","La lluvia ocurrió antes de que viéramos el jardín: had rained.",{"id":117,"prompt":118,"hint":119,"answers":120,"explanation":122},"gap2","I recognised her immediately — we ___ at a conference years earlier.","meet",[121],"had met","El encuentro ocurrió antes del reconocimiento: had met.",{"id":124,"prompt":125,"hint":126,"answers":127,"explanation":130},"gap3","He failed the test because he ___ at all.","study, negativo",[128,129],"hadn't studied","had not studied","Past perfect negativo: hadn't + participio pasado.",{"id":132,"prompt":133,"hint":134,"answers":135,"explanation":136},"gap4","By midnight, everyone ___ the party.","leave",[73],"'By midnight' marca un límite en el pasado — la salida ya se había completado antes: had left.",{"id":138,"prompt":139,"hint":140,"answers":141,"explanation":143},"gap5","She was nervous because she ___ a plane before.","never take",[142],"had never taken","'Never' va entre 'had' y el participio: had never taken.",{"id":145,"type":145,"title":146,"instructions":147,"questions":148},"reorder","Ordena las palabras","Haz clic en las palabras en el orden correcto para construir la oración.",[149,159,169,179],{"id":150,"words":151,"answer":157,"explanation":158},"re1",[152,153,154,155,156],"had","the film","when","started","we arrived","the film had started when we arrived","Acción anterior (past perfect) + 'when' + acción posterior (past simple).",{"id":160,"words":161,"answer":167,"explanation":168},"re2",[162,163,164,152,165,166],"never","she","sushi","eaten","before that day","she had never eaten sushi before that day","Sujeto + had + never + participio + objeto + expresión de tiempo.",{"id":170,"words":171,"answer":177,"explanation":178},"re3",[172,173,174,175,176,172],"he","after","had finished","went home","work","after he had finished work he went home","After + sujeto + past perfect, sujeto + past simple.",{"id":180,"words":181,"answer":186,"explanation":187},"re4",[152,182,183,184,185],"by 2010","they","the bridge","built","by 2010 they had built the bridge","'By + tiempo pasado' + sujeto + had + participio.",{"id":189,"type":190,"title":191,"instructions":192,"questions":193},"tf","true_false","Verdadero o falso","Decide si cada afirmación sobre el past perfect es verdadera o falsa.",[194,198,202,206],{"id":195,"prompt":196,"answer":13,"explanation":197},"tf1","The past perfect describes the earlier of two past actions.","Verdadero — marca qué evento pasado ocurrió primero: \"The train had left when I arrived.\"",{"id":199,"prompt":200,"answer":15,"explanation":201},"tf2","\"I had went home early\" is correct.","Falso — el past perfect necesita el participio pasado: \"I had gone home early.\"",{"id":203,"prompt":204,"answer":13,"explanation":205},"tf3","With 'after' + past perfect, the past simple describes the later action.","Verdadero — \"After she had eaten, she left\": comer primero (past perfect), irse después (past simple).",{"id":207,"prompt":208,"answer":15,"explanation":209},"tf4","You must always use the past perfect when telling a story about the past.","Falso — los relatos usan sobre todo el past simple en orden cronológico; el past perfect aparece solo cuando saltas hacia atrás a un evento anterior.",[211,214,217,220,223],{"question":212,"answer":213},"¿Cuándo usamos el past perfect?","Usa el past perfect (had + participio pasado) cuando ya estás hablando del pasado y necesitas referirte a algo que ocurrió aún antes: \"When I arrived, the meeting had started.\" También aparece en el estilo indirecto y en los third conditionals.",{"question":215,"answer":216},"¿Cuál es la diferencia entre el past perfect y el past simple?","El past simple cuenta los eventos en secuencia; el past perfect salta hacia atrás a un evento anterior. Compara: \"When she arrived, we ate\" (primero llegó ella, después comimos) frente a \"When she arrived, we had eaten\" (comimos antes de que ella llegara).",{"question":218,"answer":219},"¿Siempre necesito el past perfect con 'before' y 'after'?","No — 'before' y 'after' ya dejan claro el orden, así que el past simple suele valer: \"She left before I called.\" El past perfect añade énfasis en que algo ya estaba completado o distancia en el tiempo, pero es opcional en estas oraciones.",{"question":221,"answer":222},"¿Cómo formo negaciones y preguntas en past perfect?","Negativa: hadn't + participio pasado (I hadn't seen it). Pregunta: Had + sujeto + participio pasado (Had you finished?). 'Had' funciona como su propio auxiliar — no hace falta 'did'.",{"question":224,"answer":225},"¿Cuáles son las palabras señal más comunes del past perfect?","By the time, already, just, never…before, after, before, when y 'by + tiempo pasado' (by midnight, by 2010). Todas señalan que un evento pasado precede a otro.",{"heading":227,"paragraphs":228},"El past perfect explicado a fondo",[229,230,231,232,233],"El past perfect responde a una sola pregunta: de dos eventos pasados, ¿cuál ocurrió primero? El inglés cuenta la mayoría de las historias en past simple, avanzando paso a paso. Pero en el momento en que un relato necesita un salto atrás — una razón, un recuerdo, una causa anterior — el past perfect entra en escena para señalar ese salto: \"She was upset because someone had read her diary.\"","Su forma es la más amigable de los tiempos perfect: 'had' para todas las personas, más el participio pasado. No hay -s de tercera persona que recordar ni división was\u002Fwere. Todos los errores se concentran en un solo lugar: el participio. 'Had went', 'had saw' y 'had ate' son los errores clásicos; si los participios irregulares te fallan, repasarlos te dará el doble de beneficio aquí.","Los estudiantes a menudo abusan de este tiempo en cuanto lo descubren, decorando cada oración en pasado con 'had'. La realidad es que los hablantes nativos usan el past perfect con moderación. Si los eventos se cuentan en el orden en que ocurrieron, el past simple lleva todo el relato. El past perfect se gana su lugar solo cuando el orden del relato difiere del orden real de los hechos, o cuando importa que algo estuviera completado antes de un límite: \"By 1969, engineers had solved the problem.\"","Algunas construcciones sí lo exigen de verdad. El estilo indirecto desplaza una afirmación en past simple un paso atrás ('I lost my keys' → He said he had lost his keys). El third conditional construye su if-clause con él (If you had called me, I would have come). Y 'no sooner… than' o 'hardly… when' — tan queridos por los autores de exámenes — llevan past perfect en la primera oración.","Cuando practiques, concéntrate en las oraciones con when, porque cambian de significado según el tiempo verbal: \"When the guests arrived, we cooked dinner\" significa que cocinamos después; \"When the guests arrived, we had cooked dinner\" significa que ya estaba listo. Sentir esa diferencia — no solo conocer la regla — es exactamente lo que los ejercicios de arriba están diseñados para entrenar.",{"es":235},"ejercicios-past-perfect",[237,251,264,276,289,294,307,317,326,336,346,357,365,375,384],{"slug":238,"slug_localized":239,"skill":5,"topic":240,"title":241,"levels":242,"tags":244,"meta_description":248,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":249,"question_count":250},"future-tenses-exercises","ejercicios-tiempos-de-futuro","future-tenses","Ejercicios de tiempos de futuro en inglés (will, going to, presente)",[243,9],"A2",[12,245,246,247],"future","will","going-to","Practica las formas de futuro en inglés (will, going to, presente continuo, presente simple) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones.",{"es":239},17,{"slug":252,"slug_localized":253,"skill":5,"topic":254,"title":255,"levels":256,"tags":257,"meta_description":261,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":262,"question_count":263},"gerund-infinitive-exercises","ejercicios-gerundio-e-infinitivo","gerund-infinitive","Ejercicios de gerundio e infinitivo en inglés",[9,10],[258,259,260],"gerund","infinitive","verb-patterns","Practica el gerundio y el infinitivo en inglés (enjoy doing vs decide to do) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicación de cada patrón verbal.",{"es":253},16,{"slug":265,"slug_localized":266,"skill":5,"topic":267,"title":268,"levels":269,"tags":270,"meta_description":274,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":275,"question_count":263},"irregular-verbs-exercises","ejercicios-verbos-irregulares","irregular-verbs","Ejercicios de verbos irregulares en inglés",[243,9],[271,267,272,273],"verbs","simple-past","past-participle","Practica los verbos irregulares en inglés (past simple y past participle) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones fáciles de recordar.",{"es":266},{"slug":277,"slug_localized":278,"skill":5,"topic":279,"title":280,"levels":281,"tags":282,"meta_description":286,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":287,"question_count":288},"modal-verbs-exercises","ejercicios-verbos-modales","modal-verbs","Ejercicios de verbos modales en inglés (can, must, should)",[243,9],[279,283,284,285],"can","must","should","Practica los verbos modales en inglés (can, could, must, have to, should, may, might) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras en español.",{"es":278},20,{"slug":4,"slug_localized":235,"skill":5,"topic":6,"title":7,"levels":290,"tags":291,"meta_description":17,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":292,"question_count":293},[9,10],[12,6],{"es":235},18,{"slug":295,"slug_localized":296,"skill":5,"topic":297,"title":298,"levels":299,"tags":301,"meta_description":304,"updated_at":305,"available_locales":306,"question_count":293},"personal-pronouns-exercises","ejercicios-pronombres-personales","personal-pronouns","Ejercicios de pronombres personales en inglés",[300],"A1",[302,297,303],"pronouns","basics","Practica los pronombres personales en inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras de cada respuesta.","2026-08-03",{"es":296},{"slug":308,"slug_localized":309,"skill":310,"topic":311,"title":312,"levels":313,"tags":314,"meta_description":315,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":316,"question_count":288},"phrasal-verbs-exercises","ejercicios-phrasal-verbs","vocabulary","phrasal-verbs","Ejercicios de phrasal verbs en inglés",[9,10],[310,311],"Practica los phrasal verbs más comunes del inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: opción múltiple, completar huecos, construir oraciones y verdadero\u002Ffalso, con corrección instantánea y explicaciones.",{"es":309},{"slug":318,"slug_localized":319,"skill":5,"topic":320,"title":321,"levels":322,"tags":323,"meta_description":324,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":325,"question_count":293},"present-perfect-continuous-exercises","ejercicios-present-perfect-continuous","present-perfect-continuous","Ejercicios de present perfect continuous en inglés",[9,10],[12,320],"Practica el present perfect continuous (have been doing) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos que lo comparan con el present perfect simple — con corrección instantánea incluida.",{"es":319},{"slug":327,"slug_localized":328,"skill":5,"topic":329,"title":330,"levels":331,"tags":332,"meta_description":333,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":334,"question_count":335},"present-perfect-exercises","ejercicios-present-perfect","present-perfect","Ejercicios de present perfect en inglés",[243,9],[12,329],"Practica el present perfect en inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: opción múltiple, completar huecos, ordenar oraciones y verdadero\u002Ffalso con explicaciones instantáneas.",{"es":328},19,{"slug":337,"slug_localized":338,"skill":5,"topic":339,"title":340,"levels":341,"tags":342,"meta_description":344,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":345,"question_count":293},"present-perfect-vs-past-simple-exercises","ejercicios-present-perfect-vs-past-simple","present-perfect-vs-past-simple","Ejercicios de present perfect vs past simple en inglés",[243,9],[12,329,343],"past-simple","Aprende a elegir entre el present perfect y el past simple con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras para cada respuesta.",{"es":338},{"slug":347,"slug_localized":348,"skill":5,"topic":349,"title":350,"levels":351,"tags":352,"meta_description":355,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":356,"question_count":293},"present-simple-vs-present-continuous-exercises","ejercicios-present-simple-vs-present-continuous","present-simple-vs-present-continuous","Ejercicios de present simple vs present continuous en inglés",[243,9],[12,353,354],"present-simple","present-continuous","Aprende a elegir entre el present simple y el present continuous con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones detalladas para cada respuesta.",{"es":348},{"slug":358,"slug_localized":359,"skill":5,"topic":272,"title":360,"levels":361,"tags":362,"meta_description":363,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":364,"question_count":335},"simple-past-exercises","ejercicios-simple-past","Ejercicios de simple past en inglés (pasado simple)",[300,243],[12,272],"Practica el pasado simple en inglés (simple past) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: verbos regulares e irregulares, negaciones y preguntas con corrección instantánea.",{"es":359},{"slug":366,"slug_localized":367,"skill":5,"topic":368,"title":369,"levels":370,"tags":371,"meta_description":373,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":374,"question_count":293},"simple-past-vs-past-continuous-exercises","ejercicios-simple-past-vs-past-continuous","simple-past-vs-past-continuous","Ejercicios de simple past vs past continuous en inglés",[243,9],[12,272,372],"past-continuous","Practica la diferencia entre el simple past y el past continuous (was\u002Fwere doing) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras.",{"es":367},{"slug":376,"slug_localized":377,"skill":5,"topic":378,"title":379,"levels":380,"tags":381,"meta_description":382,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":383,"question_count":293},"simple-present-exercises","ejercicios-simple-present","simple-present","Ejercicios de simple present en inglés (presente simple)",[300,243],[12,378],"Practica el presente simple en inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: tercera persona -s, negaciones, preguntas y adverbios de frecuencia con respuestas explicadas.",{"es":377},{"slug":385,"slug_localized":386,"skill":5,"topic":387,"title":388,"levels":389,"tags":390,"meta_description":392,"updated_at":305,"available_locales":393,"question_count":394},"verb-to-be-exercises","ejercicios-verbo-to-be","verb-to-be","Ejercicios del verbo to be en inglés (am\u002Fis\u002Fare)",[300],[387,391,303],"to-be","Practica el verbo to be (am, is, are) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: opción múltiple, completar huecos y más, con corrección instantánea y explicación de cada respuesta.",{"es":386},21,1785801157551]