[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":397},["ShallowReactive",2],{"es-exercise-grammar-ejercicios-present-perfect-vs-past-simple":3,"es-exercise-index-for-related":240},{"slug":4,"skill":5,"topic":6,"title":7,"levels":8,"tags":11,"published":15,"updated_at":16,"is_premium":17,"meta_title":18,"meta_description":19,"rule":20,"examples":39,"exercises":55,"faq":214,"article":230,"available_locales":238,"slug_localized":239},"present-perfect-vs-past-simple-exercises","grammar","present-perfect-vs-past-simple","Ejercicios de present perfect vs past simple en inglés",[9,10],"A2","B1",[12,13,14],"tenses","present-perfect","past-simple",true,"2026-07-20",false,"Ejercicios de present perfect vs past simple en inglés — Práctica gratis online | FluencyRoad","Aprende a elegir entre el present perfect y el past simple con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras para cada respuesta.",{"heading":21,"summary":22,"points":23},"¿Present perfect o past simple?","El past simple informa de acciones terminadas en un tiempo ya concluido; el present perfect conecta acciones pasadas con el presente — el período de tiempo sigue abierto o el resultado aún importa.",[24,27,30,33,36],{"label":25,"text":26},"Past simple","tiempo concluido: yesterday, last year, in 2015, two days ago → I saw him yesterday.",{"label":28,"text":29},"Present perfect","tiempo no concluido o sin especificar: today, this week, ever, never → I have seen him today.",{"label":31,"text":32},"La prueba del tiempo","si puedes preguntar '¿cuándo exactamente?' y responder con una fecha o momento cerrado, usa el past simple",{"label":34,"text":35},"Experiencias de vida","Have you ever…? usa el perfect; las preguntas y detalles de seguimiento cambian al past simple",{"label":37,"text":38},"Palabras clave","perfect: ever, never, just, already, yet, since, for, so far — past: yesterday, ago, last…, in + año pasado",[40,43,46,49,52],{"sentence":41,"note":42},"I **have visited** Rome three times, and I **went** there again last spring.","total acumulado en la vida (perfect) frente a visita fechada (past)",{"sentence":44,"note":45},"She **lost** her keys yesterday, but luckily she **has found** them.","evento fechado frente a resultado en el presente",{"sentence":47,"note":48},"**Have** you ever **tried** Thai food? — Yes, I **tried** it in Bangkok in 2022.","pregunta sobre experiencias, respuesta con fecha\u002Flugar concreto",{"sentence":50,"note":51},"Shakespeare **wrote** 37 plays.","etapa de vida cerrada = past simple",{"sentence":53,"note":54},"My sister **has written** two novels so far.","carrera profesional aún abierta = present perfect",[56,104,148,192],{"id":57,"type":58,"title":59,"instructions":60,"questions":61},"mc","multiple_choice","Elige el tiempo verbal correcto","Selecciona la opción correcta para completar cada oración.",[62,71,79,87,96],{"id":63,"prompt":64,"options":65,"answer":69,"explanation":70},"mc1","I ___ my homework two hours ago.",[66,67,68],"have finished","finished","finish",1,"'Two hours ago' indica un tiempo concluido — exige el past simple: finished.",{"id":72,"prompt":73,"options":74,"answer":69,"explanation":78},"mc2","I can't find my phone. I think I ___ it.",[75,76,77],"lost","have lost","lose","No se especifica tiempo y el resultado importa ahora (el teléfono sigue perdido): have lost.",{"id":80,"prompt":81,"options":82,"answer":69,"explanation":86},"mc3","___ you ___ to the new shopping center yet?",[83,84,85],"Did \u002F go","Have \u002F been","Have \u002F gone","'Yet' indica present perfect, y para una visita completada usamos 'have been'.",{"id":88,"prompt":89,"options":90,"answer":94,"explanation":95},"mc4","My grandmother ___ born in 1948.",[91,92,93],"was","has been","is",0,"Un hecho concreto e histórico en el pasado: was born in 1948.",{"id":97,"prompt":98,"options":99,"answer":69,"explanation":103},"mc5","This is the best pizza I ___ in my life!",[100,101,102],"ate","have ever eaten","ever ate","'The best … ever' referido a toda tu vida (que continúa) exige el present perfect: have ever eaten.",{"id":105,"type":106,"title":107,"instructions":108,"questions":109},"gap","gap_fill","Completa las oraciones","Escribe la forma correcta del verbo entre corchetes — present perfect o past simple.",[110,117,125,133,140],{"id":111,"prompt":112,"hint":113,"answers":114,"explanation":116},"gap1","We ___ that museum when we were in Paris.","visit",[115],"visited","'When we were in Paris' es un período de tiempo ya concluido: visited.",{"id":118,"prompt":119,"hint":120,"answers":121,"explanation":124},"gap2","She ___ her leg, so she can't play on Saturday.","break",[122,123],"has broken","'s broken","Resultado presente (no puede jugar): has broken.",{"id":126,"prompt":127,"hint":128,"answers":129,"explanation":132},"gap3","I ___ him three times this week.","see",[130,131],"have seen","'ve seen","'This week' sigue estando abierto, por lo que el número total aún puede aumentar: have seen.",{"id":134,"prompt":135,"hint":136,"answers":137,"explanation":139},"gap4","They ___ to Portugal last summer.","move",[138],"moved","'Last summer' es un tiempo terminado: moved.",{"id":141,"prompt":142,"hint":143,"answers":144,"explanation":147},"gap5","___ you ever ___ a marathon?","run",[145,146],"have \u002F run","have run","Pregunta sobre experiencias de la vida: Have you ever run…?",{"id":149,"type":149,"title":150,"instructions":151,"questions":152},"reorder","Ordena las palabras","Haz clic en las palabras en el orden correcto para construir la oración.",[153,163,174,183],{"id":154,"words":155,"answer":161,"explanation":162},"re1",[156,157,158,159,160],"never","I","sushi","have","eaten","I have never eaten sushi","Experiencia de vida con 'never': sujeto + have + never + participio.",{"id":164,"words":165,"answer":172,"explanation":173},"re2",[166,167,168,169,170,171],"did","last night","what","you","do","?","what did you do last night ?","Pregunta en tiempo concluido: what + did + sujeto + verbo base.",{"id":175,"words":176,"answer":181,"explanation":182},"re3",[177,178,179,180],"just","the bus","has","left","the bus has just left","'Just' + resultado presente: has just left.",{"id":184,"words":185,"answer":190,"explanation":191},"re4",[186,187,188,189],"in 2018","graduated","my brother","from university","my brother graduated from university in 2018","Evento fechado: past simple + in + año.",{"id":193,"type":194,"title":195,"instructions":196,"questions":197},"tf","true_false","¿Verdadero o falso?","Decide si cada afirmación es verdadera o falsa.",[198,202,206,210],{"id":199,"prompt":200,"answer":17,"explanation":201},"tf1","\"I have seen him yesterday\" is correct.","Falso — 'yesterday' es tiempo terminado, lo que exige usar el past simple: \"I saw him yesterday.\"",{"id":203,"prompt":204,"answer":15,"explanation":205},"tf2","\"Have you ever been to Japan?\" asks about your whole life up to now.","Verdadero — 'ever' + present perfect abarca toda la experiencia vivida hasta el momento.",{"id":207,"prompt":208,"answer":15,"explanation":209},"tf3","After answering \"Yes, I have\", we usually give the details in the past simple.","Verdadero — \"Have you seen it? — Yes, I saw it last week at the cinema.\" Los detalles se añaden con tiempo concluido.",{"id":211,"prompt":212,"answer":17,"explanation":213},"tf4","American and British English always use these two tenses in exactly the same way.","Falso — el inglés estadounidense a menudo usa el past simple donde el británico prefiere el perfect: \"Did you eat yet?\" frente a \"Have you eaten yet?\"",[215,218,221,224,227],{"question":216,"answer":217},"¿Cuál es la forma más rápida de elegir entre el present perfect y el past simple?","Fíjate en la referencia temporal. Si la oración menciona un tiempo terminado (yesterday, last year, in 2020, ago), usa el past simple. Si el período sigue abierto (today, this week, ever, so far) o no se menciona el tiempo y la consecuencia importa ahora, usa el present perfect.",{"question":219,"answer":220},"¿Por qué es incorrecto decir \"I have seen him yesterday\"?","Porque el present perfect no puede combinarse con expresiones de tiempo terminado. 'Yesterday' cierra la referencia temporal, por lo que se requiere el past simple: \"I saw him yesterday.\"",{"question":222,"answer":223},"¿Cómo se combinan ambos tiempos en una conversación?","El patrón habitual es: comenzar en present perfect para introducir el tema (\"Have you ever been to Iceland?\") y pasar al past simple para contar los detalles (\"Yes — I went in 2023, it was amazing\"). El perfect introduce; el past relata.",{"question":225,"answer":226},"¿Qué tiempo verbal uso para personas fallecidas o etapas históricas terminadas?","El past simple, porque su 'período de vida' se ha cerrado: \"Einstein developed relativity\", \"The Romans built this wall.\" El present perfect sugeriría erróneamente que la etapa continúa abierta.",{"question":228,"answer":229},"¿Usan los estadounidenses menos el present perfect que los británicos?","Sí — con palabras como just, already y yet, el inglés estadounidense usa con frecuencia el past simple (\"I already ate\", \"Did you finish yet?\"), mientras que el británico prefiere el present perfect. Ambos usos son válidos en sus respectivos ámbitos.",{"heading":231,"paragraphs":232},"Present perfect vs past simple: cómo dominar la elección",[233,234,235,236,237],"Ningún contraste de tiempos verbales provoca más fallos en los estudiantes de inglés que este, debido en gran parte a que muchos idiomas emplean un único tiempo pasado para ambas funciones. El inglés divide los hechos pasados en dos categorías: eventos enmarcados en un período cerrado (past simple) y eventos cuyo marco temporal o cuyas consecuencias alcanzan el presente (present perfect). Acertar en la elección depende de prestar atención a la noción de tiempo.","La herramienta más fiable es la prueba de la expresión temporal. Las expresiones que cierran el pasado — yesterday, ago, last week, in 2015, when I was a child — exigen el past simple sin excepción. Las palabras que mantienen el período abierto — today, this month, so far, ever, never, yet, since, for — señalan el present perfect. Cuando no se menciona el tiempo, pregúntate si la frase trata realmente del presente: \"I've lost my keys\" es un problema de ahora expresado mediante un verbo del pasado.","La secuencia de introducir la experiencia y luego detallar los hechos merece la pena ser asimilada, ya que aparece constantemente en conversaciones. Preguntamos sobre vivencias en perfect — \"Have you ever driven on the left?\" — y, en cuanto la respuesta aporta una fecha o un lugar, el relato cambia al past simple: \"Yes, I drove in Dublin last year. It terrified me.\"","Conviene tener en cuenta dos perspectivas. Las etapas cerradas llevan past simple: \"Shakespeare wrote 37 plays\" — su carrera literaria ha terminado. Las carreras abiertas usan el perfect: \"My sister has written two novels\" — podría escribir más. De igual forma, 'this morning' varía según el momento: a las 10 a. m. está abierto (\"I've drunk two coffees this morning\"), pero a las 9 p. m. está cerrado (\"I drank two coffees this morning\").","Por último, ten en cuenta las diferencias dialectales. El inglés estadounidense relaja las normas sobre just, already y yet, permitiendo \"Did you eat yet?\" donde el inglés británico exige \"Have you eaten yet?\". Ninguna es incorrecta, pero conviene mantener la coherencia y comprender la lógica de tiempo abierto o cerrado para pasar de una variante a otra con intención.",{"es":239},"ejercicios-present-perfect-vs-past-simple",[241,254,268,280,293,303,316,326,335,344,348,359,367,377,386],{"slug":242,"slug_localized":243,"skill":5,"topic":244,"title":245,"levels":246,"tags":247,"meta_description":251,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":252,"question_count":253},"future-tenses-exercises","ejercicios-tiempos-de-futuro","future-tenses","Ejercicios de tiempos de futuro en inglés (will, going to, presente)",[9,10],[12,248,249,250],"future","will","going-to","Practica las formas de futuro en inglés (will, going to, presente continuo, presente simple) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones.",{"es":243},17,{"slug":255,"slug_localized":256,"skill":5,"topic":257,"title":258,"levels":259,"tags":261,"meta_description":265,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":266,"question_count":267},"gerund-infinitive-exercises","ejercicios-gerundio-e-infinitivo","gerund-infinitive","Ejercicios de gerundio e infinitivo en inglés",[10,260],"B2",[262,263,264],"gerund","infinitive","verb-patterns","Practica el gerundio y el infinitivo en inglés (enjoy doing vs decide to do) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicación de cada patrón verbal.",{"es":256},16,{"slug":269,"slug_localized":270,"skill":5,"topic":271,"title":272,"levels":273,"tags":274,"meta_description":278,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":279,"question_count":267},"irregular-verbs-exercises","ejercicios-verbos-irregulares","irregular-verbs","Ejercicios de verbos irregulares en inglés",[9,10],[275,271,276,277],"verbs","simple-past","past-participle","Practica los verbos irregulares en inglés (past simple y past participle) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones fáciles de recordar.",{"es":270},{"slug":281,"slug_localized":282,"skill":5,"topic":283,"title":284,"levels":285,"tags":286,"meta_description":290,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":291,"question_count":292},"modal-verbs-exercises","ejercicios-verbos-modales","modal-verbs","Ejercicios de verbos modales en inglés (can, must, should)",[9,10],[283,287,288,289],"can","must","should","Practica los verbos modales en inglés (can, could, must, have to, should, may, might) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras en español.",{"es":282},20,{"slug":294,"slug_localized":295,"skill":5,"topic":296,"title":297,"levels":298,"tags":299,"meta_description":300,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":301,"question_count":302},"past-perfect-exercises","ejercicios-past-perfect","past-perfect","Ejercicios de past perfect en inglés",[10,260],[12,296],"Practica el past perfect con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: ordenar acciones pasadas, oraciones con before\u002Fafter\u002Fwhen — con corrección instantánea y explicaciones.",{"es":295},18,{"slug":304,"slug_localized":305,"skill":5,"topic":306,"title":307,"levels":308,"tags":310,"meta_description":313,"updated_at":314,"available_locales":315,"question_count":302},"personal-pronouns-exercises","ejercicios-pronombres-personales","personal-pronouns","Ejercicios de pronombres personales en inglés",[309],"A1",[311,306,312],"pronouns","basics","Practica los pronombres personales en inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras de cada respuesta.","2026-08-03",{"es":305},{"slug":317,"slug_localized":318,"skill":319,"topic":320,"title":321,"levels":322,"tags":323,"meta_description":324,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":325,"question_count":292},"phrasal-verbs-exercises","ejercicios-phrasal-verbs","vocabulary","phrasal-verbs","Ejercicios de phrasal verbs en inglés",[10,260],[319,320],"Practica los phrasal verbs más comunes del inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: opción múltiple, completar huecos, construir oraciones y verdadero\u002Ffalso, con corrección instantánea y explicaciones.",{"es":318},{"slug":327,"slug_localized":328,"skill":5,"topic":329,"title":330,"levels":331,"tags":332,"meta_description":333,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":334,"question_count":302},"present-perfect-continuous-exercises","ejercicios-present-perfect-continuous","present-perfect-continuous","Ejercicios de present perfect continuous en inglés",[10,260],[12,329],"Practica el present perfect continuous (have been doing) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos que lo comparan con el present perfect simple — con corrección instantánea incluida.",{"es":328},{"slug":336,"slug_localized":337,"skill":5,"topic":13,"title":338,"levels":339,"tags":340,"meta_description":341,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":342,"question_count":343},"present-perfect-exercises","ejercicios-present-perfect","Ejercicios de present perfect en inglés",[9,10],[12,13],"Practica el present perfect en inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: opción múltiple, completar huecos, ordenar oraciones y verdadero\u002Ffalso con explicaciones instantáneas.",{"es":337},19,{"slug":4,"slug_localized":239,"skill":5,"topic":6,"title":7,"levels":345,"tags":346,"meta_description":19,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":347,"question_count":302},[9,10],[12,13,14],{"es":239},{"slug":349,"slug_localized":350,"skill":5,"topic":351,"title":352,"levels":353,"tags":354,"meta_description":357,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":358,"question_count":302},"present-simple-vs-present-continuous-exercises","ejercicios-present-simple-vs-present-continuous","present-simple-vs-present-continuous","Ejercicios de present simple vs present continuous en inglés",[9,10],[12,355,356],"present-simple","present-continuous","Aprende a elegir entre el present simple y el present continuous con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones detalladas para cada respuesta.",{"es":350},{"slug":360,"slug_localized":361,"skill":5,"topic":276,"title":362,"levels":363,"tags":364,"meta_description":365,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":366,"question_count":343},"simple-past-exercises","ejercicios-simple-past","Ejercicios de simple past en inglés (pasado simple)",[309,9],[12,276],"Practica el pasado simple en inglés (simple past) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: verbos regulares e irregulares, negaciones y preguntas con corrección instantánea.",{"es":361},{"slug":368,"slug_localized":369,"skill":5,"topic":370,"title":371,"levels":372,"tags":373,"meta_description":375,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":376,"question_count":302},"simple-past-vs-past-continuous-exercises","ejercicios-simple-past-vs-past-continuous","simple-past-vs-past-continuous","Ejercicios de simple past vs past continuous en inglés",[9,10],[12,276,374],"past-continuous","Practica la diferencia entre el simple past y el past continuous (was\u002Fwere doing) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras.",{"es":369},{"slug":378,"slug_localized":379,"skill":5,"topic":380,"title":381,"levels":382,"tags":383,"meta_description":384,"updated_at":16,"available_locales":385,"question_count":302},"simple-present-exercises","ejercicios-simple-present","simple-present","Ejercicios de simple present en inglés (presente simple)",[309,9],[12,380],"Practica el presente simple en inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: tercera persona -s, negaciones, preguntas y adverbios de frecuencia con respuestas explicadas.",{"es":379},{"slug":387,"slug_localized":388,"skill":5,"topic":389,"title":390,"levels":391,"tags":392,"meta_description":394,"updated_at":314,"available_locales":395,"question_count":396},"verb-to-be-exercises","ejercicios-verbo-to-be","verb-to-be","Ejercicios del verbo to be en inglés (am\u002Fis\u002Fare)",[309],[389,393,312],"to-be","Practica el verbo to be (am, is, are) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: opción múltiple, completar huecos y más, con corrección instantánea y explicación de cada respuesta.",{"es":388},21,1785801157580]