[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":403},["ShallowReactive",2],{"es-exercise-grammar-ejercicios-present-perfect":3,"es-exercise-index-for-related":244},{"slug":4,"skill":5,"topic":6,"title":7,"levels":8,"tags":11,"published":13,"updated_at":14,"is_premium":15,"meta_title":16,"meta_description":17,"rule":18,"examples":37,"exercises":53,"faq":218,"article":234,"available_locales":242,"slug_localized":243},"present-perfect-exercises","grammar","present-perfect","Ejercicios de present perfect en inglés",[9,10],"A2","B1",[12,6],"tenses",true,"2026-07-20",false,"Ejercicios de present perfect en inglés — Práctica gratis online | FluencyRoad","Practica el present perfect en inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: opción múltiple, completar huecos, ordenar oraciones y verdadero\u002Ffalso con explicaciones instantáneas.",{"heading":19,"summary":20,"points":21},"Cómo funciona el present perfect","El present perfect conecta el pasado con el presente: describe experiencias, cambios y situaciones que comenzaron en el pasado y siguen teniendo relevancia ahora.",[22,25,28,31,34],{"label":23,"text":24},"Forma","have\u002Fhas + participio pasado (I have worked, she has gone)",{"label":26,"text":27},"Uso 1 — Experiencia","Cosas que has hecho en algún momento de tu vida: \"I have visited Japan.\"",{"label":29,"text":30},"Uso 2 — Tiempo no concluido","Situaciones que comenzaron en el pasado y continúan en el presente, a menudo con for\u002Fsince: \"She has lived here since 2020.\"",{"label":32,"text":33},"Uso 3 — Resultado presente","Acciones pasadas con un resultado visible en el presente: \"I have lost my keys (so I can't get in).\"",{"label":35,"text":36},"Palabras clave","ever, never, just, already, yet, for, since, recently, so far",[38,41,44,47,50],{"sentence":39,"note":40},"I **have worked** here for five years, and I still love my job.","tiempo no concluido — la situación continúa en el presente",{"sentence":42,"note":43},"She **has just finished** the report, so you can read it.","acción reciente con un resultado en el presente",{"sentence":45,"note":46},"**Have** you ever **eaten** sushi?","experiencia de vida — el momento exacto no es relevante",{"sentence":48,"note":49},"They **haven't arrived** yet — the meeting starts in five minutes.","oración negativa con 'yet'",{"sentence":51,"note":52},"We **have known** each other since university.","'since' + punto de inicio",[54,102,148,192],{"id":55,"type":56,"title":57,"instructions":58,"questions":59},"mc","multiple_choice","Elige la forma correcta","Selecciona la opción correcta para completar cada oración.",[60,69,78,86,94],{"id":61,"prompt":62,"options":63,"answer":67,"explanation":68},"mc1","I ___ in this city since 2019.",[64,65,66],"have lived","live","lived",0,"'Since 2019' señala un período no concluido que continúa en el presente, por lo que requiere el present perfect: have lived.",{"id":70,"prompt":71,"options":72,"answer":76,"explanation":77},"mc2","She ___ her homework, so she can watch TV now.",[73,74,75],"finished","has finished","finishes",1,"La acción tiene una consecuencia en el presente (ahora está libre), así que el present perfect 'has finished' es correcto.",{"id":79,"prompt":80,"options":81,"answer":76,"explanation":85},"mc3","___ you ever ___ to Australia?",[82,83,84],"Did \u002F go","Have \u002F been","Have \u002F gone","Para experiencias de vida se usa 'have been' — 'have gone' significaría que la persona aún sigue allí.",{"id":87,"prompt":88,"options":89,"answer":67,"explanation":93},"mc4","They ___ the new museum yet.",[90,91,92],"haven't visited","didn't visit","don't visit","'Yet' es una palabra clave del present perfect usada en negaciones y preguntas: haven't visited.",{"id":95,"prompt":96,"options":97,"answer":76,"explanation":101},"mc5","We ___ each other for more than ten years.",[98,99,100],"know","have known","knew","'For + período de tiempo' en una situación que se mantiene en el presente requiere el present perfect: have known.",{"id":103,"type":104,"title":105,"instructions":106,"questions":107},"gap","gap_fill","Completa las oraciones","Escribe la forma del present perfect del verbo entre corchetes.",[108,116,124,133,139],{"id":109,"prompt":110,"hint":111,"answers":112,"explanation":115},"gap1","I ___ my keys — can you help me look for them?","lose",[113,114],"have lost","'ve lost","Las llaves siguen perdidas ahora, por lo que una acción pasada tiene un resultado presente: have lost.",{"id":117,"prompt":118,"hint":119,"answers":120,"explanation":123},"gap2","She ___ three books this month.","read",[121,122],"has read","'s read","'This month' es un período de tiempo no terminado, por lo que lo correcto es usar el present perfect: has read.",{"id":125,"prompt":126,"hint":127,"answers":128,"explanation":132},"gap3","We ___ never ___ such a beautiful sunset.","see",[129,130,131],"have seen","'ve seen","have \u002F seen","Experiencia de vida con 'never': have never seen. El participio pasado de 'see' es 'seen'.",{"id":134,"prompt":135,"hint":65,"answers":136,"explanation":138},"gap4","My parents ___ in the same house since 1998.",[64,137],"'ve lived","'Since 1998' + una situación que se mantiene actualmente = present perfect: have lived.",{"id":140,"prompt":141,"hint":142,"answers":143,"explanation":147},"gap5","He ___ just ___ the office, so call him on his mobile.","leave",[144,145,146],"has left","'s left","has \u002F left","'Just' + resultado presente (ya no está en la oficina): has just left. 'Left' es el participio pasado de 'leave'.",{"id":149,"type":149,"title":150,"instructions":151,"questions":152},"reorder","Ordena las palabras","Haz clic en las palabras en el orden correcto para construir la oración.",[153,163,172,183],{"id":154,"words":155,"answer":161,"explanation":162},"re1",[156,157,158,159,160],"never","I","have","sushi","eaten","I have never eaten sushi","Orden de las palabras: sujeto + have + never + participio pasado + complemento.",{"id":164,"words":165,"answer":170,"explanation":171},"re2",[166,73,167,158,168,169],"you","yet","the report","?","have you finished the report yet ?","Las preguntas en present perfect invierten 'have' y el sujeto; 'yet' se coloca al final.",{"id":173,"words":174,"answer":181,"explanation":182},"re3",[175,176,177,178,179,180],"has","since","she","here","worked","2021","she has worked here since 2021","Sujeto + has + participio pasado + lugar + since + punto de partida.",{"id":184,"words":185,"answer":190,"explanation":191},"re4",[186,187,188,158,189],"already","we","lunch","had","we have already had lunch","'Already' suele colocarse entre 'have' y el participio pasado.",{"id":193,"type":194,"title":195,"instructions":196,"questions":197},"tf","true_false","¿Verdadero o falso?","Decide si cada afirmación sobre el present perfect es verdadera o falsa.",[198,202,206,210,214],{"id":199,"prompt":200,"answer":15,"explanation":201},"tf1","The sentence \"I have seen that film last week\" is correct.","Falso — 'last week' es una expresión de tiempo terminado, por lo que exige el past simple: \"I saw that film last week.\"",{"id":203,"prompt":204,"answer":13,"explanation":205},"tf2","\"She has been to Paris\" means she visited Paris and came back.","Verdadero — 'has been to' describe una visita ya completada (experiencia); 'has gone to' significaría que todavía está allí.",{"id":207,"prompt":208,"answer":15,"explanation":209},"tf3","We use 'since' with a period of time, like 'since two hours'.","Falso — 'since' se usa con un punto de inicio (since Monday, since 2020); 'for' se usa con una duración (for two hours).",{"id":211,"prompt":212,"answer":13,"explanation":213},"tf4","'Yet' is normally used in questions and negative sentences.","Verdadero — \"Have you finished yet?\" \u002F \"I haven't finished yet.\" En oraciones afirmativas usamos 'already'.",{"id":215,"prompt":216,"answer":15,"explanation":217},"tf5","We can use the present perfect with the word 'ago', as in \"I have met him two years ago.\"","Falso — 'ago' señala siempre un momento concluido en el pasado, por lo que requiere el past simple: \"I met him two years ago.\" El present perfect nunca se combina con expresiones de tiempo terminado.",[219,222,225,228,231],{"question":220,"answer":221},"¿Qué es el tiempo verbal present perfect?","El present perfect se forma con have\u002Fhas + participio pasado (I have worked, she has gone). Conecta el pasado con el presente y se utiliza para experiencias de vida, situaciones iniciadas en el pasado que continúan hoy y acciones pasadas con un resultado presente.",{"question":223,"answer":224},"¿Cuál es la diferencia entre el present perfect y el past simple?","El past simple describe acciones terminadas en un tiempo ya concluido (I saw him yesterday). El present perfect describe acciones en un tiempo no concluido o con vínculo con el presente (I have seen him today). Si especificas cuándo ocurrió algo usando un tiempo cerrado, usa el past simple.",{"question":226,"answer":227},"¿Cuándo debo usar 'for' y 'since' con el present perfect?","Usa 'for' con un período o duración de tiempo (for two years, for a long time) y 'since' con el punto de inicio de la acción (since 2020, since Monday, since I was a child).",{"question":229,"answer":230},"¿Qué diferencia hay entre 'have been to' y 'have gone to'?","'Have been to' significa que la persona visitó un lugar y ya ha regresado. 'Have gone to' implica que la persona fue allí y todavía permanece en el lugar o está en camino.",{"question":232,"answer":233},"¿Dónde se colocan 'already', 'just' y 'yet' en una oración en present perfect?","'Already' y 'just' van entre have\u002Fhas y el participio pasado (I have just eaten; she has already left). 'Yet' se coloca al final de preguntas y negaciones (Have you eaten yet? I haven't eaten yet).",{"heading":235,"paragraphs":236},"Explicación detallada del present perfect",[237,238,239,240,241],"El present perfect es uno de los tiempos verbales más evaluados en inglés — y uno de los que más confusión genera entre los estudiantes, ya que muchos idiomas no tienen una forma equivalente o la utilizan de forma distinta. La idea fundamental es que el present perfect siempre tiende un puente entre el pasado y el presente: la acción ocurrió (o comenzó) antes del momento actual, pero lo relevante para el hablante es su conexión con el presente.","Gramaticalmente, la estructura es sencilla de construir: have o has seguido del participio pasado. Los verbos regulares añaden -ed (worked, played), mientras que los irregulares tienen formas propias que conviene memorizar (gone, seen, eaten, written). Sin embargo, la mayoría de los errores no se deben a la estructura, sino a elegir erróneamente entre el present perfect y el past simple.","Una prueba fiable consiste en fijarse en la expresión temporal. Las palabras de tiempo concluido — yesterday, last week, in 2015, two hours ago — exigen el past simple. Las palabras de tiempo abierto o no concluido — today, this week, so far, ever, never, for, since — suelen indicar el present perfect. Compara: \"I drank three coffees yesterday\" (el día ya terminó) frente a \"I have drunk three coffees today\" (el día continúa, el número de cafés aún podría aumentar).","El present perfect transmite además un fuerte sentido de relevancia presente. Decir \"I have lost my passport\" no es solo relatar un evento pasado; implica que esa pérdida importa en este momento: no puedes viajar y necesitas ayuda. Por eso, las noticias suelen comenzar en present perfect (\"The president has announced...\") antes de cambiar al past simple para detallar los hechos.","Para dominar este tiempo verbal, practica por separado sus tres usos principales —experiencia, tiempo no concluido y resultado presente— prestando especial atención a las palabras clave. Los ejercicios de arriba combinan los tres casos para ofrecer una prueba real de tu capacidad para elegir la forma adecuada según el contexto.",{"es":243},"ejercicios-present-perfect",[245,258,272,284,297,307,320,330,339,344,354,365,373,383,392],{"slug":246,"slug_localized":247,"skill":5,"topic":248,"title":249,"levels":250,"tags":251,"meta_description":255,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":256,"question_count":257},"future-tenses-exercises","ejercicios-tiempos-de-futuro","future-tenses","Ejercicios de tiempos de futuro en inglés (will, going to, presente)",[9,10],[12,252,253,254],"future","will","going-to","Practica las formas de futuro en inglés (will, going to, presente continuo, presente simple) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones.",{"es":247},17,{"slug":259,"slug_localized":260,"skill":5,"topic":261,"title":262,"levels":263,"tags":265,"meta_description":269,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":270,"question_count":271},"gerund-infinitive-exercises","ejercicios-gerundio-e-infinitivo","gerund-infinitive","Ejercicios de gerundio e infinitivo en inglés",[10,264],"B2",[266,267,268],"gerund","infinitive","verb-patterns","Practica el gerundio y el infinitivo en inglés (enjoy doing vs decide to do) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicación de cada patrón verbal.",{"es":260},16,{"slug":273,"slug_localized":274,"skill":5,"topic":275,"title":276,"levels":277,"tags":278,"meta_description":282,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":283,"question_count":271},"irregular-verbs-exercises","ejercicios-verbos-irregulares","irregular-verbs","Ejercicios de verbos irregulares en inglés",[9,10],[279,275,280,281],"verbs","simple-past","past-participle","Practica los verbos irregulares en inglés (past simple y past participle) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones fáciles de recordar.",{"es":274},{"slug":285,"slug_localized":286,"skill":5,"topic":287,"title":288,"levels":289,"tags":290,"meta_description":294,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":295,"question_count":296},"modal-verbs-exercises","ejercicios-verbos-modales","modal-verbs","Ejercicios de verbos modales en inglés (can, must, should)",[9,10],[287,291,292,293],"can","must","should","Practica los verbos modales en inglés (can, could, must, have to, should, may, might) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras en español.",{"es":286},20,{"slug":298,"slug_localized":299,"skill":5,"topic":300,"title":301,"levels":302,"tags":303,"meta_description":304,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":305,"question_count":306},"past-perfect-exercises","ejercicios-past-perfect","past-perfect","Ejercicios de past perfect en inglés",[10,264],[12,300],"Practica el past perfect con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: ordenar acciones pasadas, oraciones con before\u002Fafter\u002Fwhen — con corrección instantánea y explicaciones.",{"es":299},18,{"slug":308,"slug_localized":309,"skill":5,"topic":310,"title":311,"levels":312,"tags":314,"meta_description":317,"updated_at":318,"available_locales":319,"question_count":306},"personal-pronouns-exercises","ejercicios-pronombres-personales","personal-pronouns","Ejercicios de pronombres personales en inglés",[313],"A1",[315,310,316],"pronouns","basics","Practica los pronombres personales en inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras de cada respuesta.","2026-08-03",{"es":309},{"slug":321,"slug_localized":322,"skill":323,"topic":324,"title":325,"levels":326,"tags":327,"meta_description":328,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":329,"question_count":296},"phrasal-verbs-exercises","ejercicios-phrasal-verbs","vocabulary","phrasal-verbs","Ejercicios de phrasal verbs en inglés",[10,264],[323,324],"Practica los phrasal verbs más comunes del inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: opción múltiple, completar huecos, construir oraciones y verdadero\u002Ffalso, con corrección instantánea y explicaciones.",{"es":322},{"slug":331,"slug_localized":332,"skill":5,"topic":333,"title":334,"levels":335,"tags":336,"meta_description":337,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":338,"question_count":306},"present-perfect-continuous-exercises","ejercicios-present-perfect-continuous","present-perfect-continuous","Ejercicios de present perfect continuous en inglés",[10,264],[12,333],"Practica el present perfect continuous (have been doing) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos que lo comparan con el present perfect simple — con corrección instantánea incluida.",{"es":332},{"slug":4,"slug_localized":243,"skill":5,"topic":6,"title":7,"levels":340,"tags":341,"meta_description":17,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":342,"question_count":343},[9,10],[12,6],{"es":243},19,{"slug":345,"slug_localized":346,"skill":5,"topic":347,"title":348,"levels":349,"tags":350,"meta_description":352,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":353,"question_count":306},"present-perfect-vs-past-simple-exercises","ejercicios-present-perfect-vs-past-simple","present-perfect-vs-past-simple","Ejercicios de present perfect vs past simple en inglés",[9,10],[12,6,351],"past-simple","Aprende a elegir entre el present perfect y el past simple con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras para cada respuesta.",{"es":346},{"slug":355,"slug_localized":356,"skill":5,"topic":357,"title":358,"levels":359,"tags":360,"meta_description":363,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":364,"question_count":306},"present-simple-vs-present-continuous-exercises","ejercicios-present-simple-vs-present-continuous","present-simple-vs-present-continuous","Ejercicios de present simple vs present continuous en inglés",[9,10],[12,361,362],"present-simple","present-continuous","Aprende a elegir entre el present simple y el present continuous con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones detalladas para cada respuesta.",{"es":356},{"slug":366,"slug_localized":367,"skill":5,"topic":280,"title":368,"levels":369,"tags":370,"meta_description":371,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":372,"question_count":343},"simple-past-exercises","ejercicios-simple-past","Ejercicios de simple past en inglés (pasado simple)",[313,9],[12,280],"Practica el pasado simple en inglés (simple past) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: verbos regulares e irregulares, negaciones y preguntas con corrección instantánea.",{"es":367},{"slug":374,"slug_localized":375,"skill":5,"topic":376,"title":377,"levels":378,"tags":379,"meta_description":381,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":382,"question_count":306},"simple-past-vs-past-continuous-exercises","ejercicios-simple-past-vs-past-continuous","simple-past-vs-past-continuous","Ejercicios de simple past vs past continuous en inglés",[9,10],[12,280,380],"past-continuous","Practica la diferencia entre el simple past y el past continuous (was\u002Fwere doing) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos, corrección instantánea y explicaciones claras.",{"es":375},{"slug":384,"slug_localized":385,"skill":5,"topic":386,"title":387,"levels":388,"tags":389,"meta_description":390,"updated_at":14,"available_locales":391,"question_count":306},"simple-present-exercises","ejercicios-simple-present","simple-present","Ejercicios de simple present en inglés (presente simple)",[313,9],[12,386],"Practica el presente simple en inglés con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: tercera persona -s, negaciones, preguntas y adverbios de frecuencia con respuestas explicadas.",{"es":385},{"slug":393,"slug_localized":394,"skill":5,"topic":395,"title":396,"levels":397,"tags":398,"meta_description":400,"updated_at":318,"available_locales":401,"question_count":402},"verb-to-be-exercises","ejercicios-verbo-to-be","verb-to-be","Ejercicios del verbo to be en inglés (am\u002Fis\u002Fare)",[313],[395,399,316],"to-be","Practica el verbo to be (am, is, are) con ejercicios interactivos gratuitos: opción múltiple, completar huecos y más, con corrección instantánea y explicación de cada respuesta.",{"es":394},21,1785801157573]